Sentiocentrism, sentiocentrism, or sentientism is the philosophy that sentient individuals i. Although i do not endorse either form of sentientism over the other, i suggest that talk of interests, rather than rights, may be more appropriate in relation to animals. However, the fundamental question of whether both non. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. Mikkelson gm 2018 convergence and divergence between ecocentrism and sentientism concerning net value. In the tradition of western intellectual history, nashs work is a philosophical treatise dedicated to analyzing and understanding environmental ethics. Environmental ethics is the part of environmental philosophy which considers extending the traditional boundaries of ethics from solely including humans to including the nonhuman world. Sentientism all living things with mental states have final value.
While supporting the above claims, i show how they fit into a larger argument in favour of the broader, ecocentric value theory of environmental ethics and against the narrower, sentientist axiology of animal ethics. This article notes that deep philosophical differences divide environmentalists and animal welfarists. A companion to environmental philosophy edited by dale jamieson blackwell. In extending compassion to nonhuman animals as well as to any potential artificial or alien sentient beings, sentientism can be seen as an extension of humanism. Environmental ethics fulfills an applied ethics requirement of the ethics and values major and it fulfills a philosophy core requirement. Advanced introduction to environmental ethics graduate. Holistic versus individualistic nonanthropocentrism the.
Animal liberation is an environmental ethic dale jameson carleton college 1 north college street northfield, mn 55057, usa abstract. A companion to ethics edited by peter singer a companion to aesthetics. Moral pluralism is the view that acknowledges the existence of multiple values. Biocentrism takes into account the interests of all living creatures, present and future. Sentientism, wellbeing, and environmentalism, journal of. The roles of environmental virtue in environmental ethics. Anthropocentrism and nonanthropocentrism revised in the light of critical realism trond gansmo jakobsen department of social science, lillehammer university college, lillehammer, norway correspondence trond. His research includes more than 35 articles and nine books, including riders in the storm. Sentientism is an ethical philosophy that grants degrees of moral consideration to all sentient beings. A biocentric approach is defended as the best approach for purposes of environmental ethics, and is shown to justify significant action on climate change. As our environment faces evermore threats from human activities these core issues are becoming increasingly important. Chapter 15 environmental ethics general overview in this final chapter our obligations to the larger nonhuman community and the rights that that community may have are explored, especially practices involving animals whether it be for food, sport, amusement, etc. Gary varner updat ed august 2019 page 3 a h arean perspective on humane sustainability, ethics and environment 15 2010, pp. In common with humanism, sentientism rejects supernatural beliefs in favour of critical, evidencebased thinking.
Henning is a professor of philosophy and environmental studies at gonzaga university. I begin by briefly tracing the history of the split between environmental ethics and animal liberation, go on to sketch a theory of value that i think is implicit in animal liberation, and explain how this theory is consistent with strong environmental commitments. Ethics in an age of climate change and the awardwinning book the ethics of creativity. Animal and environmental ethics have tended to differ, however, on. Sentientism a companion to environmental philosophy wiley. Moral standing in environmental ethics ubc library open. A narrow boundary and a narrow understanding of morality college murdoch university institute for sustainability and technology policy course environmental ethics grade hd high distinction author stefan krauss author year 2004 pages 5. Extensionism in environmental ethics chapter 8 defending. We will discuss an array of questions relevant to environmental ethics, including. I begin by briefly tracing the history of the split between environmental ethics and animal liberation, go on to sketch a theory of value that i think. Environmental ethics is the discipline in philosophy that studies the moral relationship of human beings to, and also the value and moral status of, the environment and its nonhuman contents. Sentiocentrism wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. See donald scherers liberalist perspective on sustainability extended community should include the land.
Ethics as restriction on action in the struggle for existence. In this piece, ill introduce you to the field of environmental ethics. Nonanthropocentric value theory and environmental ethics. In other words, humans are not the only entities in the universe worthy of direct moral concern. Environmental virtue ethics eve is a result of applying virtue ethics ve to environmental ethics ee. This groundbreaking volume contains thirtysix original articles exemplifying the rich diversity of scholarship in this field. Environmental ethics is defined as the moral relationship between humans and the natural environmentbuzzle. Traditional ethical theories and contemporary environment ethics. First, the case for extending moral consideration to sentient nonhuman animals is generally thought to. Next, let us take up a view which opposes singers individualist sentientism. And as environmental ethics, it studies the value and. Ve is heralded as an anthropocentric ethic and ee is at best nonanthropocentric and often antianthropocentric. The liberationist if the reduction of animal misery is taken seriously as a goal must be willing, in principle, to sacrifice.
Advanced introduction to environmental ethics graduate seminar, spring 2016 course description this course introduces major topics in environmental ethics. To begin, i argue that it was wrong for the neighbor boy to crush the grasshopper. A companion to environmental philosophy is a pioneering work in the burgeoning field of environmental philosophy. The teaching of environmental ethics in environmental science courses has been heavily influenced by recent philosophical debates and many educators have followed environmental ethicists in rejecting the ethics of utilitarianism. Baird callicott over the last decade, environmental ethics has emerged as a new subdiscipline of moral philosophy. Environmental ethics studies principles of value and obligation, the. Because utilitarians recognize only the intrinsic value of pleasure or desire satisfaction, the commitment to intrinsic value in environmental ethics has also driven a rather deep wedge between environmental ethics and the ethics of utilitarianism. In the discussion pertaining to normative ethics, moral pluralism demands the acceptance of more than one value. A narrow boundary and a narrow understanding of morality. Environmental ethics stanford encyclopedia of philosophy.
Contemporary environmental ethics 11 meta ethics john oneill 12 normative ethics robert elliot x xv 1 3 21 37 52 67 81 96 111 146 161 163 177. American philosophical quarterly volume 21, number 4, october 1984 nonanthropocentric value theory and environmental ethics j. We will focus primarily on sentientism for several reasons. Chemhuru elements of environmental ethics in ancient greek philosophy in questions about environmental ethics as well. A companion to environmental philosophy environmental. Good food 111412 creatures to preserve the authenticity, integrity and complexity of ecological systems. Sentientism extends humanism by showing compassion for nonhuman animals as well as potential artificial and alien intelligences.
It makes an excellent philosophy course for biology and other science majors and is highly recommended for environmental studies majors, and for students who are looking for a less traditional ethics course. Environmental ethics, in turn, range from anthropocentrism humancenteredness to ecocentrism or biocentrism placing ecosystems or biosphere at the heart of moral consideration as well as the inbetween gradations, including strong and weak anthropocentrism. Environmental ethics, hunting, and the place of animals. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. In particular, i put forward the claim that creatures other than.
Even though this approach can address the moral aspect of protecting nature quite efficiently, there is a doubt that requires some consideration. Odysseus and the slave girls ecological evolution of ethics. Nonanthropocentrism anthropocentric worldview adopts a humancentered ideology asserts dominance over all other species views humans as a unique and superior constructs nature as other views nature in economic terms, as 1 unlike other applied ethicists, core idea is that we should. Sentientism is a naturalistic ethical philosophy according to which all sentient beings deserve moral consideration. Sentientism risks counting this effect as a net gain, whereas ecocentrism surely rates it a massive net loss. Contains thirtysix original articles, written by international scholars. Environmental ethics is a relatively new branch of philosophy, which studies the values and principles involved in combatting environmental problems such as pollution, loss of species and habitats, and climate change. This means that animal liberationism needs the support of some ecoholistic philosophy. Sentientism, wellbeing, and environmentalism sentientism, wellbeing, and environmentalism rodogno, raffaele 20100201 00. The land ethic next, let us take up a view which opposes singers individualist sentientism. It exerts influence on a large range of disciplines including environmental law, environmental sociology, ecotheology, ecological economics, ecology and environmental geography.
Environmental ethics is an inquiry seeking to give reasoned and reasonable answers to questions regarding how we humans ought to make decisions about our actions and inaction, both direct and indirect, with. Environmental ethics wikimili, the free encyclopedia. Building on liberal western philosophy and religion, nash argues that the modern environmental movements philosophy and ethics are an extension of that western liberal tradition. Pdf this chapter discusses the central concepts, key theories and recent. Relations with nonhuman beings mouchang yu, yi lei encyclopedia of life support systems eolss norton b. If youre looking for a free download links of environmental ethics pdf, epub, docx and torrent then this site is not for you. Viii contents sentientism 192 gary varner 14 the land ethic 204 j. Sentientism, wellbeing, and environmentalism request pdf. He is founding cochair of the climate action group 350 spokane. Sentientism conclusion holistic view is compatible and holds the same view as environmental ethic since it is not seen at the same level, sentientists view are taken out from the environmental ethic john rodman 1977.
Environmental ethics is the discipline in philosophy that studies the moral relationship of human beings to, and also the value. Mcshane k 2016 anthropocentrism in climate ethics and policy. In the process, i identify a moral principle that i then go on to apply to the most significant environmental problem of our time, the problem of climate change. As in humanism, supernatural beliefs are rejected in favour of critical, evidencebased thinking. Environmental ethicists often see the practical implications of animal welfare and animal rights views as anti environmental. Contemporary environmental ethics 161 11 meta ethics 163 john oneill 12 normative ethics 177 robert elliot. The philosophy posits that all and only sentient beings have intrinsic value and moral standing, thus they are regarded as moral patients. In issues pertaining to environmental ethics, the environmental pragmatists accept multiple values. After pointing out how environmental ethics is generally construed in much of the discourse on current philosophical thinking, i spell out some unexplored elements of anthropocentric and nonanthropocentric environmental ethical thinking that are implicit in ancient greek philosophy. Unesco eolss sample chapters environment and development vol. A companion to environmental philosophy wiley online books. A study in environmental philosophy environmental philosophy is the systematic study of worldviews, theories and principles related to human interactions with the natural environment as to their contexts and consequences.
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